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* other brands and names are the property of their respective owners. information in this document is provided in connection with intel products. intel assumes no liability whatsoever, including infringement of any patent or copyright, for sale and use of intel products except as provided in intel's terms and conditions of sale for such products. intel retains the right to make changes to these specifications at any time, without notice. microcomputer products may have minor variations to this specification known as errata. november 1995 copyright ? intel corporation, 1995 order number: 270827-006 87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq advanced 16-bit chmos microcontroller automotive y b 40 cto a 125 c ambient y high performance chmos 16-bit cpu y up to 48 kbytes of on-chip eprom y up to 1.5 kbytes of on-chip register ram y up to 512 bytes of additional ram (code ram) y register-register architecture y up to 8 channel/10-bit a/d with sample/hold y up to 37 prioritized interrupt sources y up to seven 8-bit (56) i/o ports y full duplex serial i/o port y dedicated baud rate generator y interprocessor communication slave port y high speed peripheral transaction server (pts) y two 16-bit software timers y 10 high speed capture/compare (epa) y full duplex synchronous serial i/o port (ssio) y two flexible 16-bit timer/counters y quadrature counting inputs y flexible 8-/16-bit external bus y programmable bus (hld/hlda) y 1.75 m s 16 x 16 multiply y 3 m s 32/16 divide y 68-pin and 52-pin plcc packages device pins/package eprom reg ram code ram i/o epa sio ssio a/d 87c196kr 68-pin plcc 16k 488 256 56 10 y y 8 87c196kq 68-pin plcc 12k 360 128 56 10 y y 8 87c196jv 52-pin plcc 48k 1.5k 512 41 6 y y 6 87C196JT 52-pin plcc 32k 1.0k 512 41 6 y y 6 87c196jr 52-pin plcc 16k 488 256 41 6 y y 6 87c196jq 52-pin plcc 12k 360 128 41 6 y y 6 the 87c196kr/kq jv/jt jr/jq devices represent the fourth generation of mcs 96 microcontroller prod- ucts implemented on intel's advanced 1 micron process technology. these products are based on the 80c196kb device with improvements for automotive applications. the instruction set is a true super set of 80c196kb. the 87c196jr is a 52-pin version of the 87c196kr device, while the 87c196kq/jq are memory scalars of the 87c196kr/jr. the 87c196jv/jt a-step devices (jv-a, jt-a) are the newest members of the mcs 96 microcontroller family. these devices are memory scalars of the 87c196jr d-step (jr-d) and are designed for strict functional and electrical compatibility. the jt-a has 32 kbytes of on-chip eprom, 1.0 kbytes of register ram and 512 bytes of code ram. the jv-a has 48 kbytes of on-chip eprom, 1.5 kbytes of register ram and 512 bytes of code ram.
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq the mcs 96 microcontroller family members are all high performance microcontrollers with a 16-bit cpu. the 87c196kx/jx family members listed above are composed of the high-speed (16 mhz) core as well as the following peripherals: up to 48 kbytes of programmable eprom, up to 1.5 kbytes of register ram, 512 bytes of code ram (16-bit addressing modes) with the ability to execute from this ram space, an eight channel-10-bit/ g 3 lsb analog to digital converter with programmable s/h times with conversion times k 5 m s at 16 mhz, an asynchronous/synchronous serial i/o port (8096 compatible) with a dedicated 16-bit baud rate gener- ator, an additional synchronous serial i/o port (8096 compatible) with a dedicated 16-bit baud rate gener- ator, an additional synchronous serial i/o port with full duplex master/slave transceivers, a flexible tim- er/counter structure with prescaler, cascading, and quadrature capabilities, 10 modularized multiplexed high speed i/o for capture and compare (called event processor array) with 250 ns resolution and double buffered inputs, a sophisticated prioritized in- terrupt structure with programmable peripheral transaction server (pts). the pts has several channel modes, including single/burst block trans- fers from any memory location to any memory loca- tion, a pwm and pwm toggle mode to be used in conjunction with the epa, and an a/d scan mode. additional sfr space is allocated for the epa and can be ``windowed'' into the lower register ram area. please refer to the following datasheets for higher frequency versions of devices contained within this datasheet: 20 mhz 87C196JT: order y 272529; 20 mhz 87c196jv: order number 272580. architecture the 87c196kr/kq/jv/jt/jr/jq are members of the mcs 96 microcontroller family, has the same ar- chitecture and uses the same instruction set as the 80c196kb/kc. many new features have been add- ed including: cpu features # powerdown and idle modes # 16 mhz operating frequency # a high performance peripheral transaction serv- er (pts) # up to 37 interrupt vectors # up to 512 bytes of code ram # up to 1.5 kbytes of register ram # ``windowing'' allows 8-bit addressing to some 16-bit addresses # 1.75 m s 16 x 16 multiply # 3 m s 32/16 divide # oscillator fail detect peripheral features # programmable a/d conversion and s/h times # 10 capture/compare i/o with 2 flexible timers # synchronous serial i/o port for full duplex seri- al i/o # total utilization of all available pins (i/o mux'd with control) # 2 16-bit timers with prescale, cascading and quadrature counting capabilities # up to 12 externally triggered interrupts new instructions xch/xchb exchange the contents of two locations, either word or byte is supported. bmovi interruptable block move instruction, allows the user to be interrupted during long executing block moves. tijmp table indirect jump. this instruction incorporates a way to do complex case level branches through one instruction. an example of such code savings: several interrupt sources and only one interrupt vec- tor. the tijmp instruction will sort through the sources and branch to the appropriate sub-code lev- el in one instruction. this instruction was added es- pecially for the epa structure, but has other code saving advantages. epts/dpts enable and disable pts interrupts (works like ei and di). 2
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq sfr operation an additional 256 bytes of sfr registers were add- ed to the 8xc196kr devices. these locations were added to support the wide range of on-chip peripher- als that the 8xc196kr has. this memory space (1f00 1fffh) has the ability to be addressed as direct 8-bit addresses through the ``windowing'' technique. any 32-, 64- or 128-byte section can be relocated in the upper 32, 64 or 128 bytes of the internal register ram (080 ffh) address space. 270827 1 figure 1. block diagram 270827 15 figure 2. the 8xc196kr family nomenclature 3
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq 270827 2 270827 3 figure 3. package diagrams 4
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq pin descriptions symbol name and function v cc main supply voltage ( a 5v). v ss ,v ss ,v ss digital circuit ground (0v). there are three v ss pins, all of which must be connected to a single ground plane. v ref reference for the a/d converter ( a 5v). v ref is also the supply voltage to the analog portion of the a/d converter and the logic used to read port 0. must be connected for a/d and port 0 to function. v pp programming voltage for the eprom parts. it should be a 12.5v for programming. it is also the timing pin for the return from powerdown circuit. connect this pin with a 1 m f capacitor to v ss anda1m x resistor to v cc . if this function is not used, v pp may be tied to v cc . angnd reference ground for the a/d converter. must be held at nominally the same potential as v ss . xtal1 input of the oscillator inverter and the internal clock generator. xtal2 output of the oscillator inverter. p2.7/clkout output of the internal clock generator. the frequency is (/2 the oscillator frequency. it has a 50% duty cycle. also lsio pin. reset reset input to the chip. input low for at least 16 state times will reset the chip. the subsequent low to high transition resynchronizes clkout and commences a 10- state time sequence in which the psw is cleared, bytes are read from 2018h and 201ah loading the ccbs, and a jump to location 2080h is executed. input high for normal operation. reset has an internal pullup. p5.7/buswidth input for bus width selection. if ccr bit 1 is a one and ccr1 bit 2 is a one, this pin dynamically controls the bus width of the bus cycle in progress. if buswidth is low, an 8-bit cycle occurs. if buswidth is high, a 16-bit cycle occurs. if ccr bit 1 is ``0'' and ccr1 bit 2 is ``1'', all bus cycles are 8-bit, if ccr bit 1 is ``1'' and ccr1 bit 2 is ``0'', all bus cycles are 16-bit. ccr bit 1 e ``0'' and ccr1 bit 2 e ``0'' is illegal. also an lsio pin when not used as buswidth. nmi a positive transition causes a non-maskable interrupt vector through memory location 203eh. used by intel (gnd this pin). p5.1/inst output high during an external memory read indicates the read is an instruction fetch. inst is valid throughout the bus cycle. inst is active only during external memory fetches, during internal [ ep ] rom fetches inst is held low. also lsio when not inst. ea input for memory select (external access). ea equal to a high causes memory accesses to locations 2000h through 5fffh to be directed to on-chip eprom/ rom. ea equal to a low causes accesses to these locations to be directed to off- chip memory. ea ea 12.5v causes execution to begin in the programming mode. ea latched at reset. p5.0/ale/adv address latch enable or address valid output, as selected by ccr. both pin options provide a latch to demultiplex the address from the address/data bus. when the pin is adv , it goes inactive (high) at the end of the bus cycle. adv can be used as a chip select for external memory. ale/adv is active only during external memory accesses. also lsio when not used as ale. 5
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq pin descriptions (continued) symbol name and function p5.3/rd read signal output to external memory. rd is active only during external memory reads or lsio when not used as rd . p5.2/wr /wrl write and write low output to external memory, as selected by the ccr, wr will go low for every external write, while wrl will go low only for external writes where an even byte is being written. wr /wrl is active during external memory writes. also an lsio pin when not used as wr /wrl . p5.5/bhe /wrh byte high enable or write high output, as selected by the ccr. bhe e 0 selects the bank of memory that is connected to the high byte of the data bus. a0 e 0 selects that bank of memory that is connectd to the low byte. thus accesses to a 16-bit wide memory can be to the low byte only (a0 e 0, bhe e 1), to the high byte only (a0 e 1, bhe e 0) or both bytes (a0 e 0, bhe e 0). if the wrh function is selected, the pin will go low if the bus cycle is writing to an odd memory location. bhe /wrh is only valid during 16-bit external memory write cycles. also an lsio pin when not bhe /wrh . p5.6/ready ready input to lengthen external memory cycles, for interfacing with slow or dynamic memory, or for bus sharing. if the pin is high, cpu operation continues in a normal manner. if the pin is low prior to the falling edge of clkout, the memory controller goes into a wait state mode until the next positive transition in clkout occurs with ready high. when external memory is not used, ready has no effect. the max number of wait states inserted into the bus cycle is controlled by the ccr/ccr1. also an lsio pin when ready is not selected. p5.4/slpint dual functional i/o pin. as a bidirectional port pin or as a system function. the system function is a slave port interrupt output pin. p6.2/t1clk dual function i/o pin. primary function is that of a bidirectional i/o pin, however it may also be used as a timer1 clock input. the timer1 will increment or decrement on both positive and negative edges of this pin. p6.3/t1dir dual function i/opin. primary function is that of a bidirectional i/o pin, however it may also be used as a timer1 direction input. the timer1 will increment when this pin is high and decrements when this pin is low. port1/epa0 7 dual function i/o port pins. primary function is that of bidirectional i/o. system function is that of high speed capture and compare. epa0 and epa2 have yet p6.0 6.1/epa8 9 another function of t2clk and t2dir of the timer2 timer/counter. port 0/ach0 7 8-bit high impedance input-only port. these pins can be used as digital inputs and/or as analog inputs to the on-chip a/d converter. these pins are also used as inputs to eprom parts to select the programming mode. p6.4 6.7/ssio dual function i/o ports that have a system function as synchronous serial i/o. two pins are clocks and two pins are data, providing full duplex capability. port 2 8-bit multi-functional port. all of its pins are shared with other functions. port 3 and 4 8-bit bidirectional i/o ports with open drain outputs. these pins are shared with the multiplexed address/data bus which has strong internal pullups. 6
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq electrical characteristics absolute maximum ratings ** storage temperature b 60 cto a 150 c voltage from v pp or ea to v ss or angnd b 0.5v to a 13.0v voltage from any other pin to v ss or angnd b 0.5v to a 7.0v this includes v pp on rom and cpu devices. power dissipation0.5w notice: this is a production data sheet. the specifi- cations are subject to change without notice. * warning: stressing the device beyond the ``absolute maximum ratings'' may cause permanent damage. these are stress ratings only. operation beyond the ``operating conditions'' is not recommended and ex- tended exposure beyond the ``operating conditions'' may affect device reliability. operating conditions symbol parameter min max units t a ambient temperature under bias b 40 a 125 c v cc digital supply voltage 4.50 5.50 v v ref analog supply voltage 4.50 5.50 v f osc oscillator frequency 4 16 mhz (4) note: angnd and v ss should be nominally at the same potential. dc characteristics (under listed operating conditions) symbol parameter min typ max units test conditions i cc v cc supply current 75 ma xtal1 e 16 mhz, ( b 40 cto a 125 c (jv e 80) v cc e v pp e v ref e 5.5v ambient) 50 (while device in reset) i cc1 active mode supply 50 ma current (typical) (jv e 55) i ref a/d reference 25ma supply current i idle idle mode current 15 30 ma xtal1 e 16 mhz, (jv e 32) v cc e v pp e v ref e 5.5v i pd powerdown mode 50 tbd m a v cc e v pp e v ref e 5.5v current (note 6) v il input low voltage b 0.5v 0.3 v cc v (all pins) v ih input high voltage 0.7 v cc v cc a 0.5 v (note 7) (all pins) v ol output low voltage 0.3 v i ol e 200 m a (notes 3, 5) (outputs configured 0.45 v i ol e 3.2 ma as push/pull) 1.5 v i ol e 7.0 ma 7
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq dc characteristics (under listed operating conditions) (continued) symbol parameter min typ max units test conditions v oh output high voltage v cc b 0.3 v i oh eb 200 m a (notes 3, 5) (outputs configured v cc b 0.7 v i oh eb 3.2 ma as push/pull) v cc b 1.5 v i oh eb 7.0 ma i li input leakage current g 8 m av ss s v in s v cc (std. inputs) jt/jv: g 10 (note 2) i li1 input leakage current g 1 m av ss s v in s v ref (port 0ea/d inputs) jt/jv: g 2 i ih input high current a 175 m av ss s v in s v cc (nmi pin) v oh2 output high voltage v cc b 1v v i oh eb 15 m a (notes 1, 8) in reset i oh2 output high current b 6 b 35 m av oh2 e v cc b 1.0v (kr, kq) in reset b 15 b 60 m av oh2 e v cc b 2.5v b 20 b 70 m av oh2 e v cc b 4.0v i oh2 output high b 30 b 120 m av oh2 e v cc b 1.0v (jv, jt, current in b 75 b 240 m av oh2 e v cc b 2.5v jr-d, jq-d) reset b 90 b 280 m av oh2 e v cc b 4.0v r rst reset pullup resistor 6k 65k x v ol3 output low voltage 0.3 v i ol3 e 4 ma (note 9) in reset 0.5 v i ol3 e 6ma (reset pin only) 0.8 v i ol3 e 10 ma c s pin capacitance 10 pf f test e 1.0 mhz (any pin to v ss ) r wpu weak pullup resistance 150k x (note 6) (approx) notes: 1. all bd (bidirectional) pins except p5.1/inst and p2.7/clkout which are excluded due to their not being weakly pulled high in reset. bd pins include port1, port2, port3, port4, port5 and port6. 2. standard input pins include xtal1, ea , reset and ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 when configured as inputs. 3. all bidirectional i/o pins when configured as outputs (push/pull). 4. device is static and should operate below 1 hz, but only tested down to 4 mhz. 5. maximum i ol /i oh currents per pin will be characterized and published at a later date. target values are g 10 ma. 6. typicals are based on limited number of samples and are not guaranteed. the values listed are at room temperature and v ref e v cc e 5.0v. 7. v ih max for port0 is v ref a 0.5v. 8. refer to ``v oh2 /i oh2 specification'' errata y 1 in errata section of this datasheet. 9. this specification is not tested in production and is based upon theoretical estimates and/or product characterization. 8
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq kr/kq/jr/jq i cc vs frequency 270827 4 notes: i cc max e 3.88 c freq a 13.43 i idle max e 1.65 c freq a 2.2 jt i cc vs frequency 270827 19 notes: i cc max e 3.25 c freq a 23 i idle max e 1.25 c freq a 15 9
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq ac characteristics (over specified operating conditions) test conditions: capacitance load on all pins e 100 pf, rise and fall times e 10 ns, f osc e 16 mhz. the system must meet these specifications to work with the 87c196kr/kq/jv/jt/jr/jq symbol parameter min max units t avyv address valid to ready setup 2 t osc b 75 ns t llyv ale low to ready setup t osc b 70 ns t ylyh non ready time no upper limit ns t clyx ready hold after clkout low 0 t osc b 30 ns (1) t llyx ready hold after ale low t osc b 15 2 t osc b 40 ns (1) t avgv address valid to buswidth setup 2 t osc b 75 ns t llgv ale low to buswidth setup t osc b 60 ns t clgx buswidth hold after clkout low 0 ns t avdv address valid to input data valid 3 t osc b 55 ns t rldv rd active to input data valid t osc b 22 ns t cldv clkout low to input data valid t osc b 50 ns t rhdz end of rd to input data float t osc ns t rxdx data hold after rd inactive 0 ns note: 1. if max is exceeded, additional wait states will occur. the 87c196kr/kq/jv/jt/jr/jq will meet these specifications. symbol parameter min max units f xtal oscillator frequency 4.0 16.0 mhz (1) t osc oscillator period (1/fxtal) 62.5 250 ns t xhch xtal1 high to clkout 20 110 ns (2) high or low t clcl clkout period 2 t osc ns t chcl clkout high period t osc b 10 t osc a 15 ns t cllh clkout falling edge b 10 15 ns to ale rising t llch ale/adv falling edge b 20 15 ns to clkout rising t lhlh ale/adv cycle time 4 t osc ns t lhll ale/adv high period t osc b 10 t osc a 10 ns t avll address setup to ale/adv t osc b 15 ns falling edge t llax address hold after ale/adv t osc b 40 ns falling edge t llrl ale/adv falling edge to t osc b 30 ns rd falling edge 10
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq ac characteristics (over specified operating conditions) (continued) test conditions: capacitance load on all pins e 100 pf, rise and fall times e 10 ns, f osc e 16 mhz. the 87c196kr/kq/jv/jt/jr/jq will meet these specifications. symbol parameter min max units t rlcl rd low to clkout 4 30 ns falling edge t rlrh rd low period t osc b 5ns t rhlh rd rising edge to t osc t osc a 25 ns (3) ale/adv rising edge t rlaz rd low to address float 5 ns (5) t llwl ale/adv falling edge t osc b 10 ns to wr falling edge t clwl clkout low to b 525ns wr falling edge t qvwh data stable to wr rising edge t osc b 23 ns t chwh clkout high to wr b 10 15 ns rising edge t wlwh wr low period t osc b 20 ns t whqx data hold after wr rising edge t osc b 25 ns t whlh wr rising edge to ale/adv t osc b 10 t osc a 15 ns (3) rising edge t whbx bhe , inst hold after wr t osc b 10 ns rising edge t whax ad8 15 hold after wr rising edge t osc b 30 (4) ns t rhbx bhe , inst hold after rd rising edge t osc b 10 ns t rhax ad8 15 hold after rd rising edge t osc b 30 (4) ns notes: 1. testing performed at 4.0 mhz, however, the device is static by design and will typically operate below 1 hz. 2. typical specifications, not guaranteed. 3. assuming back-to-back bus cycles. 4. 8-bit bus only. 5. t rlaz (max) e 5 ns by design. 11
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq system bus timing 270827 5 ready/buswidth timing 270827 6 12
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq external clock drive symbol parameter min max units 1/t xlxl oscillator frequency 4.0 16 mhz t xlxl oscillator period (t osc ) 62.5 250 ns t xhxx high time 0.35 t osc 0.65 t osc ns t xlxx low time 0.35 t osc 0.65 t osc ns t xlxh rise time 10 ns t xhxl fall time 10 ns external clock drive waveforms 270827 7 ac testing input, output waveforms 270827 8 note: ac testing inputs are driven at 3.5v for a logic ``1'' and 0.45v for a logic ``0''. timing measurements are made at 2.0v for a logic ``1'' and 0.8v for logic ``0''. float waveforms 270827 9 note: for timing purposes a port pin is no longer floating when a 150 mv change from load voltage occurs and begins to float when a 150 mv change from the loading v oh /v ol level occurs i ol /i oh s 15 ma. thermal characteristics device and package i ja i jc an87c196kr/kq 41 c/w 14 c/w (68-lead plcc) an87c196jv/jt/jr/jq 42 c/w 15 c/w (52-lead plcc) notes: 1. i ja e thermal resistance between junction and the surround- ing environment (ambient). measurements are taken 1 ft. away from case in air flow environment. i jc e thermal resistance between junction and package sur- face (case). 2. all values of i ja and i jc may fluctuate depending on the en- vironment (with or without airflow, and how much airflow) and device power dissipation at temperature of operation. typical variations are g 2 c/w. 3. values listed are at a maximum power dissipation of 0.50w. 13
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq explanation of ac symbols each symbol is two pairs of letters prefixed by ``t'' for time. the characters in a pair indicate a signal and its condition, respectively. symbols represent the time between the two signal/condition points. conditions: he high le low ve valid xe no longer valid ze floating signals: ae address be bhe ce clkout de data ge buswidth he hold hae hlda le ale/adv re rd we wr /wrh /wri xe xtal1 ye ready eprom specifications ac eprom programming characteristics operating conditions: load capacitance e 150 pf; t c e 25 c g 5 c, v ref e 5.0v g 0.5v, v ss , angnd e 0v. v pp e 12.5v g 0.25v; ea e 12.5v g 0.25v; f osc e 5.0 mhz symbol parameter min max units t avll address setup time 0 t osc t llax address hold time 100 t osc t dvpl data setup time 0 t osc t pldx data hold time 400 t osc t lllh pale pulse width 50 t osc t plph prog pulse width (3) 50 t osc t lhpl pale high to prog low 220 t osc t phll prog high to next pale low 220 t osc t phdx word dump hold time 50 t osc t phpl prog high to next prog low 220 t osc t pldv prog low to word dump valid 50 t osc t shll reset high to first pale low 1100 t osc t phil prog high to ainc low 0 t osc t ilih ainc pulse width 240 t osc t ilvh pver hold after ainc low 50 t osc t ilpl ainc low to prog low 170 t osc t phvl prog high to pver valid 220 t osc notes: 1. run time programming is done with f osc e 6.0 mhz to 10.0 mhz, v cc ,v pd ,v ref e 5v g 0.5v, t c e 25 c g 5 c and v pp e 12.5v g 0.25v. for run-time programming over a full operating range, contact factory. 2. programming specifications are not tested, but guaranteed by design. 3. this specification is for the word dump mode. for programming pulses use 300 t osc a 100 m s. dc eprom programming characteristics symbol parameter min max units i pp v pp programming supply current 100 ma note: v pp must be within 1v of v cc while v cc k 4.5v. v pp must not have a low impedance path to ground or v ss while v cc l 4.5v. 14
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq eprom programming waveforms slave programming mode data program mode with single program pulse 270827 10 slave programming mode in word dump or data verify mode with auto increment 270827 11 slave programming mode timing in data program mode with repeated prog pulse and auto increment 270827 12 15
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq a to d converter specifications the speed of the a/d converter in the 10-bit or 8-bit modes can be adjusted by setting the ad e time special function register to the appropriate value. the ad e time register only programs the speed at which the conversions are performed, not the speed at which it can convert correctly. the converter is ratiometric, so absolute accuracy is dependent on the accuracy and stability of v ref . v ref must not exceed v cc by more than 0.5v since it supplies both the resistor ladder and the digital portion of the converter and input port pins. for testing purposes, after a conversion is started, the device is placed in the idle mode until the con- version is complete. testing is performed at v ref e 5.12v and 16 mhz operating frequency. there is an ad e test register that allows for con- version on angnd and v ref as well as zero offset adjustment. the absolute error listed is without do- ing any adjustments. a/d operating conditions (1) symbol description min max units t a automotive ambient temperature b 40 a 125 c v cc digital supply voltage 4.50 5.50 v v ref analog supply voltage 4.50 5.50 (2, 3) v t sam sample time 2.0 m s (4) t conv conversion time 16.5 19.5 m s (4) f osc oscillator frequency 4 16 mhz notes: 1. angnd and v ss should nominally be at the same potential. 2. v ref must not exceed v cc by more than a 0.5v. 3. testing is performed at v ref e 5.12v. 4. the value of ad e time must be selected to meet these specifications. parameter typical * (1) min max units ** resolution 1024 1024 level 10 10 bits absolute error 0 b 3 lsbs a 3 full scale error g 2 lsbs zero offset error g 2 lsbs non-linearity g 3 lsbs differential non-linearity l b 0.5 a 0.5 lsbs channel-to-channel matching 0 g 1 lsbs repeatability g 0.25 0 lsbs (1) temperature coefficients: offset 0.009 lsb/c (1) fullscale 0.009 lsb/c (1) differential non-linearity 0.009 lsb/c (1) off isolation b 60 db (1, 2, 3) feedthrough b 60 db (1, 2) v cc power supply rejection b 60 db (1, 2) input resistance 750 1.2k x (1) dc input leakage 0 g 1 m a jt/jv e g 2 notes: * these values are expected for most parts at 25 c but are not tested or guaranteed. ** an ``lsb'', as used here, has a value of approximately 5 mv. (see automotive handbook for a/d glossary of terms). 1. these values are not tested in production and are based on theoretical estimates and/or laboratory test. 2. dc to 100 khz 3. multiplexer break-before-make guaranteed. 16
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq hold /hlda timings symbol description min max units notes t hvch hold setup 65 ns (note 1) t clhal clkout low to hlda low b 15 15 ns t clbrl clkout low to breq low b 15 15 ns t azhal hlda low to address float 25 ns t bzhal hlda low to bhe , inst, rd ,wr weakly driven 25 ns t clhah clkout low to hlda high b 15 15 ns t clbrh clkout low to breq high b 15 15 ns t hahax hlda high to address valid b 15 ns t hahbv hlda high to bhe, inst, rd, wr valid b 10 ns t cllh clkout low to ale high b 10 15 ns note: 1. to guarantee recognition at next clock. dc specifications in hold parameter min max units weak pullups on adv , rd, 50k 250k v cc e 5.5v, v in e 0.45v wr ,wr l, bhe weak pulldowns on 10k 50k v cc e 5.5v, v in e 2.4 ale, inst 270827 16 17
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq ac characteristicseslave port slave port waveforme(slpl e 0) 270827 17 slave port timinge(slpl e 0) (1, 2, 3) symbol parameter min max units t savwl address valid to wr low 50 ns t srhav rd high to address valid 60 ns t srlrh rd low period t osc ns t swlwh wr low period t osc ns t srldv rd low to output data valid 60 ns t sdvwh input data setup to wr high 20 ns t swhqx wr high to data invalid 30 ns t srhdz rd high to data float 15 ns notes: 1. test conditions: f osc e 16 mhz, t osc e 60 ns. rise/fall time e 10 ns. capacitive pin load e 100 pf. 2. these values are not tested in production, and are based upon theoretical estimates and/or laboratory tests. 3. specifications above are advanced information and are subject to change. 18
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq ac characteristicseslave port (continued) slave port waveforme(slpl e 1) 270827 18 slave port timinge(slpl e 1) (1, 2, 3) symbol parameter min max units t selll cs low to ale low 20 ns t srheh rd or wr high to cs high 60 ns t sllrl ale low to rd low t osc ns t srlrh rd low period t osc ns t swlwh wr low period t osc ns t savll address valid to ale low 20 ns t sllax ale low to address invalid 20 ns t srldv rd low to output data valid 60 ns t sdvwh input data setup to wr high 20 ns t swhqx wr high to data invalid 30 ns t srhdz rd high to data float 15 ns notes: 1. test conditions: f osc e 16 mhz, t osc e 60 ns. rise/fall time e 10 ns. capacitive pin load e 100 pf. 2. these values are not tested in production, and are based upon theoretical estimates and/or laboratory tests. 3. specifications above are advanced information and are subject to change. 19
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq ac characteristicseserial porteshift register mode serial port timingeshift register mode test conditions: t a eb 40 cto a 125 c; v cc e 5.0v g 10%; v ss e 0.0v; load capacitance e 100 pf symbol parameter min max units t xlxl serial port clock period 8 t osc ns t xlxh serial port clock falling 4 t osc b 50 4 t osc a 50 ns edge to rising edge t qvxh output data setup 3 t osc ns to clock rising edge t xhqx output data hold 2 t osc b 50 ns after clock rising edge t xhqv next output data valid 2 t osc a 50 ns after clock rising edge t dvxh input data setup 2 t osc a 200 ns to clock rising edge t xhdx (1) input data hold 0 ns after clock rising edge t xhqz (1) last clock rising to 5 t osc ns output float notes: 1. parameter not tested. waveformeserial porteshift register mode 0 serial port waveformeshift register mode 270827 13 20
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq 52-lead devices intel offers 52-lead versions of the 87c196kr de- vice: the 87c196jv/jt/jr/jq devices. the first samples and production units use the 87c196kr die and bond it out in a 52-lead package. it is important to point out some functionality differ- ences because of future devices or to remain soft- ware consistent with the 68-lead device. because of the absence of pins on the 52-lead device some functions are not supported. 52-lead unsupported functions: analog channels 0 and 1 inst pin functionality slpint pin support hld /hlda functionality external clocking/direction of timer1 wrh or bhe functions dynamic buswidth dynamic wait state control the following is a list of recommended practices when using the 52-lead device: (1) external memory. use an 8-bit bus mode only. there is neither a wrh or buswidth pin. the bus cannot dynamically switch from 8- to 16-bit or vice versa. set the ccb bytes to an 8-bit only mode, using wr function only. (2) wait state control. use the ccb bytes to con- figure the maximum number of wait states. if the ready pin is selected to be a system function, the device will lockup waiting for ready. if the ready pin is configured as lsio (default after reset ), the internal logic will receive a logic ``0'' level and insert the ccb defined number of wait states in the bus cycle. don't use irc e ``111''. (3) nmi support. the nmi is not bonded out. make the nmi vector at location 203eh vector to a return instruction. this is for glitch safety pro- tection only. (4) auto-programming mode. the 52-lead device will only support the 16-bit zero wait state bus during auto-programming. (5) epa4 through epa7. since the jr and jq de- vices use the kr silicon, these functions are in the device, just not bonded out. a programmer can use these as compare only channels or for other functions like software timer, start an a/d conversion, or reset timers. (6) slave port support. the slave port cannot be easily used on 52-lead devices due to p5.4/slpint and p5.1/slpcs not being bond- ed-out. (7) port functions. some port pins have been re- moved. p5.7, p5.6, p5.5, p5.1, p6.2, p6.3, p1.4 through p1.7, p2.3, p2.5, p0.0 and p0.1. the pxreg, pxssel, and pxio registers can still be updated and read. the programmer should not use the corresponding bits associated with the removed port pins to conditionally branch in software. treat these bits as reserved. additionally, these port pins should be setup in- ternally by software as follows: 1. written to pxreg as ``1'' or ``0''. 2. configured as push/pull, pxio as ``0''. 3. configured as lsio. this configuration will effectively strap the pin either high or low. do not configure as open drain output `'1'', or as an input pin. this device is cmos. 87c196kr/kq/jv/jt/jr/jq errata 1. v oh2 /i oh2 specification (note c) in the dc characteristics section of this data- sheet, v oh2 indicates the strength of the internal weak pullups that are active during and after re- set until the user writes to the pxmode register. c-step devices do not meet this specification. the new specification for c-step devices is v oh2 (min) e v cc b 1v at i oh2 eb 6 m a. note that jr/jq d-step devices are not affected by this errata and meet the published specification. 2. 1b00h 1bdfh external addressing (notes c, d) affected devices cannot access external memory locations 1b00h 1bdfh. a bus cycle does not occur when these addresses are accessed. if at- tempting to read from 1b00h 1bdfh a value of ffh is returned even though a read cycle is not generated. writing to these locations will not gen- erate an external bus cycle either. this errata has been corrected on jv and jt devices. 3. port3 push-pull operation (note c) if port3 is operating as a push-pull lsio (low- speed i/o) port and an address/data bus cycle occurs, port3 will continue to drive the address/ data bus with its lsio data during the bus cycle. it is rather unlikely that this errata would affect an 21
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq application because the application would have to use port3 for both lsio and as an external addr/data bus. if an application uses external memory, port3 should not be selected as push- pull lsio. notes: ``c'' e present on c-step devices ``d'' e present on d-step devices ``v'' e present on jv a-step devices ``t'' e present on jt a-step devices devices can be identified by a special mark fol- lowing the eight-digit fpo number on the top of the package. the following chart specifies what these markings are for various device steppings: device topside marking kr, kq c-step ``c'' jr, jq d-step ``d'' jv, jt a-step ``a'' 87c196kr/kq/jv/jt/jr/jq design considerations 1. epa timer reset/write conflict if the user writes to the epa timer at the same time that the timer is reset, it is indeterminate which will take precedence. users should not write to a timer if using epa signals to reset it. 2. valid time matches the timer must increment/decrement to the compare value for a match to occur. a match does not occur if the timer is loaded with a value equal to an epa compare value. matches also do not occur if a timer is reset and 0 is the epa compare value. 3. p6 e pin.4 .7 not updated immediately values written to p6 e reg are temporarily held in a buffer. if p6 e mode is cleared, the buffer is loaded into p6 e reg.x. if p6 e mode is set, the value stays in the buffer and is loaded into p6 e reg.x when p6 e mode.x is cleared. since read- ing p6 e reg returns the current value in p6 e reg and not the buffer, changes to p6 e reg cannot be read until/unless p6 e mode.x is cleared. 4. write cycle during reset if reset occurs during a write cycle, the con- tents of the external memory device may be cor- rupted. 5. indirect shift instruction the upper 3 bits of the byte register holding the shift count are not masked completely. if the shift count register has the value 32 c n, where n e 1, 3, 5, or 7, the operand will be shifted 32 times. this should have resulted in no shift taking place. 6. p2.7 (clkout) p2.7 (clkout) does not operate in open drain mode. 7. clkout the clkout signal is active on p2.7 during reset for the kr, kq, jv, jt, jr and jq de- vices. note that clkout is not active on p2.7 in reset for the kt. 8. epa overruns epa ``lock-up'' can occur if overruns are not han- dled correctly, refer to intel techbit y db0459 ``understanding epa capture overruns'', dated 12-9-93. applies to epa channels with interrupts and overruns enabled (on/rt bit in epa e control register set to ``1''). 9. indirect addressing with auto-increment for the special case of a pointer pointing to itself using auto-increment, an incorrect access of the incremented pointer address will occur instead of an access to the original pointer address. all oth- er indirect auto-increment accesses will note be affected. please refer to techbit y mc0593. incorrect sequence: ld ax, # ax ; results in ax being incremented by 1 and the ldb bx, [ ax ]0 ; contents of the address pointed to by ax a 1tobe loaded into bx. correct sequence: ld ax, # bx ; where ax i bx. results in the contents of the address ldb cx, [ ax ]0 ; pointed to by ax to be loaded into bx and ax incremented by 1. 10. jv additional register ram the 8xc196jv has a total of 1.5 kbytes of reg- ister ram. the ram is located in two memory ranges: 0000h 03ffh and 1c00h 1dffh. 87c196jr/jq c-step to jr/jq d-step or jv/jt a-step design considerations this section documents differences between the 87c197jv a-step (jv-a)/87C196JT a-step (jt-a)/ 22
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq 87c196jr d-step (jr-d) and the 87c196jr c-step (jr-c). for a list of design considerations between 68-lead and 52-lead devices, please refer to the 52-lead device design considerations section of this datasheet. since the 87c196jv/jt/jq are sim- ply memory scalars of the 87c196jr, the term ``jr'' in this section will refer to jv, jt, jr and jq ver- sions of the device unless otherwise noted. the jr-c is simply a 87c196kr c-step (kr-c) de- vice packaged within a 52-lead package. this reduc- tion in pin count necessitated not bonding-out cer- tain pins of the kr-c device. the fact that these ``removed pins'' were still present on the device but not available to the outside world allowed the pro- grammer to take advantage of some of the 68-lead kr features. the jr-d is a fully-optimized 52-lead device based on the 87c196kr c-step device. the kr-c design data base was used to assure that the jr-d would be fully compatible with the kr-c, jr-c and other kx family members. the main differences between the jr-d and the jr-c is that several of the unused (not bonded-out) functions on the jr-c were re- moved altogether on the jr-d. following is a list of differences between the jr-c and the jr-d: 1. port3 push-pull operation it was discovered on jr-c that if port3 is select- ed for push-pull operation (p34 e drv register) during low speed i/o (lsio), the port was driving data when the system bus was attempting to in- put data. it is rather unlikely that this errata would affect an application because the application would have to use port3 for both lsio and as an external addr/data bus. nonetheless, this errata was corrected on the jr-d. 2. v oh2 strengthened the dc characteristics section of the automotive kr datasheet contains a parameter, v oh2 (out- put high voltage in reset (bd ports)), which is specified at v cc 1v min at i oh2 eb 15 m a. this specification indicates the strength of the in- ternal weak pull-ups that are active during and after reset. these weak pull-ups stay active until the user writes to pxmode (previously known as pxssel) and configures the port pin as desired. these pull-ups do not meet this v oh2 spec on the jr-c. the weak pull-ups on specified jr-d ports have been enhanced to meet the published specification of i oh2 eb 15 m a. 3. once mode once mode is entered by holding a single pin low on the rising edge of reset y . on the kr, this pin is p5.4/slpint. the jr-c does not sup- port once mode since p5.4/slpint (once mode entry pin) is not bonded-out on these de- vices. to provide once mode on the jr-d, the once mode entry function was moved from p5.4/slpint to p2.6/hlda. this will allow the jr-d to enter once mode using p2.6 instead of removed pin p5.4. 4. port0 on the jr-c, p0.0 and p0.1 are not bonded out. however, these inputs are present in the device and reading them will provide an indeterminate result. on the jr-d, the analog inputs for these two channels at the miltiplexer are tied to v ref . therefore, initiating an analog conversion on ach0 or ach1 will result in a value equal to full scale (3ffh). on the jr-d, the digital inputs for these two channels are tied to ground, therefore reading p0.0 or p0.1 will result in a digital ``0''. 5. port1 on the jr-c, p1.4, p1.5, p1.6 and p1.7 are not bonded out but are present internally on the de- vice. this allows the programmer to write to the port registers and clear, set or read the pin even though it is not available to the outside world. however, to maintain compatibility with d-step and future devices, it is recommended that the corresponding bits associated with the removed pins not be used to conditionally branch in soft- ware. these bits should be treated as reserved. on the jr-d, unused port logic for these four port pins has been removed from the device and is not available to the programmer. corresponding bits in the port registers have been ``hard-wired'' to provide the following results when read: register bits when read p1 e pin.x (x e 4,5,6,7) 1 p1 e reg.x (x e 4,5,6,7) 1 p1 e dir.x (x e 4,5,6,7) 1 p1 e mode.x (x e 4,5,6,7) 0 writing to these bits will have no effect. 23
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq 6. port2 on the jr-c, p2.3 and p2.5 are not bonded out but are present internally on the device. this al- lows the programmer to write to the port registers and clear, set or read the pin even though it is not available to the outside world. however, to main- tain compatibility with d-step and future devices, it is recommended that the corresponding bits as- sociated with the removed pins not be used to conditionally branch in software. these bits should be treated as reserved. on the jr-d, unused port logic for these two port pins has been removed from the device and is not available to the programmer. corresponding bits in the port registers have been ``hardwired'' to provide the following results when read: register bits when read p2 e pin.x (x e 3,5) 1 p2 e reg.x (x e 3,5) 1 p2 e dir.x (x e 3,5) 1 p2 e mode.x (x e 3,5) 0 writing to these bits will have no effect. 7. port5 on the jr-c, p5.1, p5.4, p5.5, p5.6 and p5.7 are not bonded out but are present internally on the device. this allows the programmer to write to the port registers and clear, set or read the pin even though it is not available to the outside world. however, to maintain compatibility with d- step and future devices, it is recommended that the corresponding bits associated with the re- moved pins not be used to conditionally branch in software. these bits should be treated as re- served. on the jr-d, unused port logic for these five port pins has been removed from the device and is not available to the programmer. corresponding bits in the port registers have been ``hardwired'' to provide the following results when read: register bits when read p5 e pin.x (x e 1,4,5,6,7) 1 p5 e reg.x (x e 1,4,5,6,7) 1 p5 e dir.x (x e 1,4,5,6,7) 1 p5 e mode.x (x e 1,4,6) 0 p5 e mode.x (x e 5) (ea y e 0) 1 p5 e mode.x (x e 5) (ea y e 1) 0 p5 e mode.x (x e 7) 1 writing to these bits will have no effect. 8. port6 on the jr-c, p6.2 and p6.3 are not bonded out but are present internally on the device. this al- lows the programmer to write to the port registers and clear, set or read the pin even though it is not available to the outside world. however, to main- tain compatibility with d-step and future devices, it is recommended that the corresponding bits as- sociated with the removed pins not be used to conditionally branch in software. these bits should be treated as reserved. on the jr-d, unused port logic for these two port pins has been removed from the device and is not available to the programmer. corresponding bits in the port registers have been ``hardwired'' to provide the following results when read: register bits when read p6 e pin.x (x e 2,3) 1 p6 e reg.x (x e 2,3) 1 p6 e dir.x (x e 2,3) 1 p6 e mode.x (x e 2,3) 0 writing to these bits will have no effect. 9. 8xc196jq internal to external memory roll-over point 8xc196jq devices are simply 8xc196jr devic- es with less memory. both the jq-c and jq-d are fabricated from the jr-c and jr-d respect- fully. the difference between jq and jr devices is that memory locations beyond the supported boundaries on the jq are not tested in produc- tion and should not be used. any software which relies upon reading or writing these locations may not function correctly. following are the support- ed memory maps for these devices: 24
87c196kr/kq 87c196jv/jt 87c196jr/jq jq c and d-step jr c and d-step register ram 18h to 17fh 18h to 1ffh internal (code) ram 400h to 47fh 400h to 4ffh internal rom/eprom 2000h to 4fffh 2000h to 5fffh it is important to note that the internal to exter- nal memory roll-over point for both the jr and jq devices is the same (6000h and above goes external). two guidelines the programmer should follow to insure no problems are encoun- tered when using jq devices are: a) for jq devices, the program must contain a jump to a location greater than 5fffh before the 12k boundary (4fffh) is reached. this is necessary only if greater than 12k of pro- gram memory is required with a jq device and portions of the program execute from in- ternal rom/eprom. b) for jq devices with ea y tied to ground, use only internal program memory from 2000h to 4fffh. do not use the unsupported loca- tions from 5000h to 5fffh. 10. epa channels 4 through 7 the jr c-step device is simply a 68-lead kr-c device packaged in a 52-lead package. the re- duced pin-out is achieved by not bonding-out the unsupported pins. epa4 epa7 are among these pins that are not bonded-out. the fact that epa4 epa7 are still present allows the programmer to use these channels as software timers, to start a/d conversions, reset timers, etc. all of the port pin logic is still present and it is possible to use the epa to toggle these pins internally. please refer to the 52-lead device section in this datasheet for further information. on the jr d-step, the epa4 epa7 logic has not been removed from the device. this al- lows the programmer to still use these channels (as on the c-step) for software timers, etc. the only difference is that the associated port pin logic has been removed and does not exist in- ternally. to maintain c-step to d-step compati- bility, programmers should make sure that their software does not rely upon the removed pins. datasheet revision history this is the -006 version of the 87c196kr data- sheet. the following differences exist between the -005 version and the -006 version: 1. the 87c196jv datasheet status has been moved from ``product preview'' to that of ``no marking.'' 2. a ``by design'' note was added to the t rlaz specification. 3. in the design considerations section, the y 7. clkout design consideration was corrected. 4. only the two most current revision histories of this datasheet were retained in the datasheet re- vision history section. the following differences exist between the -004 version and the -005 version: 1. the 87C196JT and 87c196jv 16 mhz devices were added to the list of products covered by this datasheet the 87C196JT and 87c196jv are simply higher memory versions of the 87c196jr device. for 20 mhz datasheets of these devices, please refer to the following datasheets: 20 mhz 87C196JT: order y 272529-001 20 mhz 87c196jv: order y 272580-001 2. the status of the datasheet has been moved from ``advanced information'' to that of no-mark- ing. datasheets with no markings reflect specifi- cations that have reached full production status. although the 87c196jv device is included within this datasheet, its specifications are actually at the design phase of development. do not finalize a design with this information. revised informa- tion will be published when the 87c196jv device becomes available. 3. the title of the datasheet as well as the features and design considerations list has been revised to include the 87C196JT and 87c196jv devices. 4. notes were added as appropriate to call out where 87c196jv specifications are expected to differ from those of other products listed within this datasheet. specifications which are expected to differ are i cc ,i cc1 ,i idle , and i li and dc input leakage on a/d channels. 5. the v oh2 (min) specification was supplemented with more comprehensive i oh2 (min/max) speci- fications. 6. a v ol3 (reset pin only) specification was add- ed to indicate the strength of the reset pull- down device. 7. all 87c196kr a-step errata was removed from the errata section of this datasheet. 8. for the jt, the dc input leakage (max), as speci- fied in the previous jt datasheet (272374-002), has been corrected to 2 m a to match the i li specification of 2 m a. these specifications both specify the same parameter. 9. cerquad package references have been re- moved. 25

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